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Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsNinety-seven years ago today, the first bombs ever dropped on American soil fell
By The Black Wall St Times on June 4, 2018
Ninety-seven years ago today, the first bombs ever dropped on American soil fell on the Greenwood neighborhood of Tulsa, OK.
Greenwood ― the most preeminent black community in the United States at the time ― was home to 10,000 residents and contained scores of black-owned businesses, hotels, restaurants, law offices, doctors offices, movie theaters, and more. Following an incident between a young black man and a young white woman in a downtown elevator, many of the nearly 3,200 Klan members in Tulsa and countless more white vigilantes armed themselves with firearms and marched north to Greenwood.
They opened fire in the streets, set businesses and homes ablaze, and dropped napalm-like bombs from fertilizer planes flying overhead.
With the help of the National Guard and the local police force, they arrested nearly 6,000 black residents and forced them into temporary internment camps in the Brady Theater ― now a popular Tulsa music venue ― while their thriving community was systematically leveled. Many of those imprisoned were starved, beaten and killed in the same space the city hosts jubilant concerts in today.
More: https://theblackwallsttimes.com/2018/06/04/contributing-editor-nate-morris-facebook-post-about-1921-tulsa-race-massacre-goes-viral/
The original Facebook post from May 31: https://www.facebook.com/nate.morris.va/posts/10157692894764129
GReedDiamond
(5,313 posts)csziggy
(34,136 posts)Yeah, I have ancestors who cheered on stuff like this. I had a fucking uncle who told racist jokes while claiming to be a Baptist preacher. But I always thought we were progressing beyond this. Until Dolt45.
Now I worry we will return to it and even worse.
I'm not writing this very well. I am too fucking pissed. And tired.
GReedDiamond
(5,313 posts)...going back 55+ years ago, when I was between the ages of about 4 or 5 until about high school age, I had a couple of racist relatives I was forced to be around on holidays, birthday parties, anniversaries, funerals and such.
The worst of them, Uncle Floyd, had the loudest, most annoying voice in the room as he told his racist stories of how he insulted, abused and tormented his black co-workers.
One day in 1975 or so, Uncle Floyd awoke to the news that his lovely white (obviously) daughter had eloped with a black man.
So his own daughter turned against him when she turned against her father's overt racism, and poor Uncle Floyd became very sad.
Too bad ole Uncle Floyd ain't around now, he'd love Twitler and the GOP!
But, (not so) sadly, he's burning in hell, if there is such a place - or, more likely, he's mostly forgotten by even those who knew him. And those who do remember him have memories of how he was a loudmouthed, rude asshole racist.
csziggy
(34,136 posts)Then when I got married without a religious service, he and my aunt wrote me off as going to hell. It did not hurt my feelings.
Fortunately his sister, my Mom, who grew up in the same environment, decided that no matter what her personal feelings were her children were going to grow up in a desegregated world. While she is still slightly prejudiced (she complained about having black caretakers) she mostly keeps it to herself.
She worked hard with the city and the local historical association to help create a Black History museum in my hometown. And helped a local writer put together a book about the history of blacks in that part of Florida. I think over the years she realized what she had been taught was wrong and tried to overcome it.
3Hotdogs
(12,393 posts)GReedDiamond
(5,313 posts)...but if there is, I know who belongs there.
sprinkleeninow
(20,252 posts)find themselves in. A state or condition of separation. Not a physical geographical place.
The wheat will be separated from the tares.
There are those who are blinded by deception and vainglory, thinking that they are (will be) the chosen to enjoy life everlasting in untold bliss.
The joke will be on them who foolishly harm and/or oppress the innocent, the downtrodden, the disenfranchised, the impaired, any sisters and brothers in humanity created by the One, Who created them in 'HIS' image, and Who holds His human creation the 'Crown of Creation'.
It is quite disturbing to my soul.
dalton99a
(81,516 posts)Glorfindel
(9,730 posts)hatrack
(59,587 posts)csziggy
(34,136 posts)brush
(53,791 posts)Imagine if those businesses and their owners hadn't been robbed of their property what they would've been able to pass on to their children/descendants.
Sorta like the 400 or so years of stolen/uncompensated labor during enslavement.
And racists have the nerve to crow about white v black household wealth as if all these horrendous obstacles weren't and continue to be placed in front of AAs and other POCs.
Sorry, but the country has a lot of payback that's past due.
csziggy
(34,136 posts)The "right" people cut them off, kill, them, destroy what they have, and then sneer because they can't get ahead.
The White Right Wing needs to be destroyed - it has hurt our country for far too long, whether they were Southern Democrats, Dixiecrats, or whatever they call themselves. They need to go.
SunSeeker
(51,574 posts)Donkees
(31,421 posts)Published on Sep 23, 2015
csziggy
(34,136 posts)What an amazing woman!
Donkees
(31,421 posts)Published on May 24, 2011
Taped: 11/18/2008. This week on African American Legends, Dr. Brown is joined by Dr. Olivia J. Hooker, Tulsa Race Riot Survivor and Reggie Turner, filmmaker, "Before they Die". In 1921, the lives of many in Tulsa, Oklahoma and African Americans everywhere were changed. Tulsa's race riot was considered the worst riot in history, leaving today 67 survivors. Reggie Turner documented this event in a film entitled, "Before they Die". Tune in to hear more about this event that affected history from the filmmaker and one of its survivors. African-American Legends profiles prominent African-Americans in the arts, in politics, the social sciences, sports, community service, and business. Watch more at www.cuny.tv/series/aalegends
Rhiannon12866
(205,540 posts)Great find, incredible lady!
p.s. She said she's 95, despite the official title.
Donkees
(31,421 posts)Published on Feb 24, 2017
Professor Emerita Olivia Hooker discusses the Tulsa Riots of 1921, working at Fordham, gender equality, faith, redemption, and more.
Rhiannon12866
(205,540 posts)Thanks so much for passing this on!
Donkees
(31,421 posts)Tulsa Race Riot survivor, 103, to help kick off new NPR podcast series
Olivia Hooker, 103, will be a guest on the first episode of Last Witness, which premieres Thursday
By Tim Stanley Tulsa World May 30, 2018 Updated Jun 1, 2018
Excerpt:
A 103-year-old survivor of the Tulsa Race Riot will be featured on the debut episode of a new NPR podcast series that launches Thursday.
Dr. Olivia Hooker, who was 6 years old at the time of the 1921 riot, tells her story as part of Last Witness, a new series from NPR and Radio Diaries.
The series is billed as featuring interviews with the only surviving witnesses to major historical events.
The series can be found at radiodiaries.org, or through other podcast providers.
http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/local/tulsa-race-riot-survivor-to-help-kick-off-new-npr/article_a1c329e8-6be2-56ce-a28e-1493878be99b.html
Rhiannon12866
(205,540 posts)And it's not like she just survived at her very advanced age, but she's both a professor and psychologist and is still able to tell her important story!
First Speaker
(4,858 posts)...in many ways, it was the greatest riot in American history. And it shows just how deep-seated racism was--and is--in America. The successful blacks, the ones who had done well for themselves, were the ones most hated, and most targeted. Because they didn't "know their place". It's a good illustration--maybe the best--of how much more important race is to our history, as opposed to economics. The powers-that-be *always* succeed in manipulating whites to ignore their economic interest by appealing to their racist fears...
PatrickforO
(14,578 posts)that I've ever read or owned. I knew about Rosewood, but had no idea this happened.
Since it would be good to create more general awareness about this massacre, I have forwarded this to an excellent high school teacher I know who teaches in a prestigious boys high school. I sense some cognitive dissonance in the near future of some affluent boys...
Indeed, I am glad it has gone viral. The more people who know about these terrible events in our history the better. In fact, if we REALLY want to make this country great, we will confront these issues of systematic genocide of native Americans, the slavery and horrible mistreatment of blacks, today's institutional racism and sexism.
Because, you know, such a confrontation would prevent us from having to keep lying to ourselves and we could begin facing the future instead of worrying how we might cover up the past.
underpants
(182,830 posts)Amazing. Sad and amazing.
lostnfound
(16,184 posts)I lived in Tulsa in the late '60s. It was pretty much taboo to discuss the subject. But I did hear of atrocities committed that are not mentioned in this article. It was an ugly time in US history that's been kept quiet for too long...
..lest we go there again.
grantcart
(53,061 posts)underpants
(182,830 posts)Blair Mountain WV
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Blair_Mountain
The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest labor uprising in United States history and one of the largest, best-organized, and most well-armed uprisings since the American Civil War.[1] For five days from late August to early September 1921, in Logan County, West Virginia, some 10,000 armed coal miners confronted 3,000 lawmen and strikebreakers, called the Logan Defenders,[2] who were backed by coal mine operators during the miners' attempt to unionize the southwestern West Virginia coalfields. The battle ended after approximately one million rounds were fired[3] and the United States Army intervened by presidential order.[4]
By August 29 battle was fully joined. Chafin's men, though outnumbered, had the advantage of higher positions and better weaponry. Private planes were hired to drop homemade bombs on the miners. A combination of gas and explosive bombs left over from World War I were dropped in several locations near the towns of Jeffery, Sharples and Blair. At least one did not explode and was recovered by the miners; it was used months later to great effect during treason and murder trials. On orders from General Billy Mitchell, Army bombers from Maryland were also used for aerial surveillance. One Martin bomber crashed on its return flight, killing the three crew members.[24][25]
appalachiablue
(41,146 posts)A difficult time for Americans during Wilson and Harding's administrations. Tulsa is a national horror and disgrace.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Scare
West Virginia coal miners displaying a bomb that was dropped during the Battle of Blair Mountain in 1921
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia_coal_wars
West Virginia Mine Wars Museum, Main Street, Matewan, WV
https://www.wvminewars.com/
TimeSnowDemos
(476 posts)The tensions never quite dissipated. And on the night of Mothers Day in 1985, the Philadelphia police arrived at MOVEs Osage Avenue address. They had arrest warrants for four members, with charges from parole violations to owning illegal guns. The citys first Black mayor, W. Wilson Goode, had dubbed them terrorists, as did his police chief, Gregore J. Sambor. Their attempt to execute the warrants led to a firefight, police said. While Ramona says she cant definitively remember if her family fired shots, she said the show of force was still one-sided: How could it even be a firefight with the weaponry they came out there with? As machine gun ammunition rattled, Sambor ordered the use of two entry devices, one-pound bombs dropped by helicopter a lethal combination of explosive water gels.
https://www.ozy.com/politics-and-power/phillys-forgotten-massacre-when-black-activists-were-bombed-by-the-police/78743
US police are known globally for their corruption and racism and lawlessness, but mostly their known for their violence.
And of course, this:
And at the time, the Puerto Rican government had already adopted a law to muzzle the Nationalists. It was called the Gag Law of 1948, which made it a crime to even advocate independence or the overthrow of US rule in Puerto Rico. And so, as a result, the governor, Marín, Muñoz Marín, called in the National Guard. Two towns were bombed by the National Guard: Jayuya and Utuado.
...
Between a thousand, two thousand people were arrested. Anybody who had any kind of political leanings toward independence or was seen as a leader was thrown into jail. And for years afterwards, it was impossible for supporters of independence to get jobs in the government. It really was an enormous repression and crackdown that occurred in the years following.
https://www.democracynow.org/2010/10/29/puerto_rico_marks_60th_anniversary_of
And that's just what was done deliberately. It doesn't included the hundreds of thousands killed by cancer related to nuclear tests ("New research suggests that the hidden cost of developing nuclear weapons were far larger than previous estimates, with radioactive fallout responsible for 340,000 to 690,000 American deaths from 1951 to 1973"), or the inmates and poor people deliberately exposed to WMDs to help weapons manufacturers develop their products. It doesn't include the countless dead in US prisons, put their by a corrupt and racist justice system.
lostnfound
(16,184 posts)A KPFT programmer was discussing the bombing or destruction of two city blocks where a community (commune?) of African Americans was living.
These examples are to common knowledge, but need to be.
bobbieinok
(12,858 posts)The noted black historian John Hope Franklin's father moved the family right after the Riot.
I have read that many blacks were 'interned' at the fairgrounds and that a nationlly respected black physician was killed by rioters.
Many blacks were housed in tents for 6 months or so after their homes were burned. Some white 'businessmen' attempted to buy up the property.
The KKK was very strong in Tulsa in the 1920s, as it was in many places in America.
When there was an attempt to get some sort of reparations bill passed by the OK legislature, a white colleague said blacks should just let it go, it was a longtime ago, they were stirring up resentment in the white community.
It will come as no surprise that the reparations attempt did not pass in the legislature.
OK became a state in 1907. One of the very 1st laws passed was a Jim Crow law. In the mid 90s, the OK GOP sent out mailers touting the party as the defender of 'Oklahoma values'!!
Runningdawg
(4,520 posts)The comments show we haven't changed much. With the shooting of Eric Harris in 2015, those of us who live in downtown and N Tulsa got a bit nervous, more people than you would think were saying something to the effect of "it's time to burn it down again". I consider myself lucky, I learned about the riot first hand as a child from white great aunts and uncles who were there, on the RIGHT side of history.
Occasionally, like today, I look to the N and see Reservoir Hill and can only imagine the terror of seeing a tank up there firing down my street.
NCTraveler
(30,481 posts)ProfessorPlum
(11,257 posts)until I read "Lies My Teacher Told Me" which talked about these kinds of massacres, and sundown towns, and all of the hateful rest of it. A great book, to go with a sad history
marble falls
(57,112 posts)25 Years Ago: Philadelphia Police Bombs MOVE Headquarters Killing 11, Destroying 65 Homes
StoryMay 13, 2010
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Guests
Mumia Abu-Jamal - journalist on death row in Pennsylvania. From a radio commentary recorded for PrisonRadio.org.
Ramona Africa - only adult member of MOVE to survive the 1985 bombing. She escaped with major burns by crawling through a basement window with a thirteen-year-old boy then known as Birdie Africa. Ramona went on to serve seven years in prison on a riot charge.
Today marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of a massive police operation in Philadelphia that culminated in the helicopter bombing of the headquarters of a radical group known as MOVE. The fire from the attack killed six adults and five children and destroyed sixty-five homes. Despite two grand jury investigations and a commission finding that top officials were grossly negligent, no one from city government was criminally charged. MOVE was a Philadelphia-based radical movement that was dedicated to black liberation and a back-to-nature lifestyle. It was founded by John Africa, and all its members took on the surname Africa. We hear from Mumia Abu-Jamal and speak with Ramona Africa, the only adult survivor of the bombing. [includes rush transcript]
The rest is at the link.