https://www.coursera.org/lecture/antisemitism/attitudes-toward-jews-under-muslim-rule-somyZ
In reality we can see changing periods, and it depends on the place and time, and historical circumstances. We can say clearly that Jews enjoyed much greater tolerance under Islam than under Christianity. until the modern period. More than that, except for few cases, there waere no forced conversions of Jews, except for Iran and in Morocco in the 11th century, and we hardly saw any physical attacks on Jews. In this regard Islam as a religion, or the Muslim world, was much better toward Jews than Christianity. In fact Jews historically regarded Islam or the Muslim kingdoms as what they called "Malkhut Khesed", that is "righteous kingdom". Jews emigrated from Christian countries to Islam. For instance if we look at the 15th century, when there was the mass expulsion of Jews from Spain, the Ottoman Empire, the largest Muslim empire at the time, opened its gates toward the Jews, welcomed the Jews, and tens of thousands of Jews moved to the Ottoman Empire where they enjoyed great tolerance and autonomy, and Jews were very grateful to the Ottomans.
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