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What does the return of mercenary armies mean for the world?
https://aeon.co/essays/what-does-the-return-of-mercenary-armies-mean-for-the-worldIt is a familiar story. A superpower goes to war and faces a stronger-than-expected insurgency in distant lands, yet has insufficient forces to counter it because of political and military constraints. The superpower decides to hire contractors, some of whom are armed, to support its war effort. The armed contractors prove to be both a blessing and a curse, providing vital security services to the campaign, yet at times killing innocent civilians, causing strategic setbacks, and damaging the superpowers legitimacy. Without these contractors, the superpower could not wage the war. With them, it is more difficult to win.
The armed contractors in question are not in Iraq or Afghanistan but in northern Italy, and the year is not 2007 but 1377. The superpower is not the United States but the papacy under Pope Gregory XI, fighting the antipapal league led by the duchy of Milan. The tragic killing of civilians by armed contractors did not occur in Baghdad but in Cesena, 630 years earlier. The military companies employed were not DynCorp International, Triple Canopy or Blackwater, but the Company of the Star, the Company of the Hat and the White Company. Known as free companies, these for-profit warriors were organised as corporations, with a well-articulated hierarchy of subcommanders and administrative machinery that oversaw the fair distribution of loot according to employees contracts. CEO-like captains led these medieval military corporations.
The parallels between medieval and contemporary private military companies (PMCs) are strong. Today, the US and many others hire contractors to fulfil security-related contracts in the worlds most dangerous places. In the late Middle Ages, such men were called condottieri literally, contractors who agreed to perform security services described in written contracts, or condotte. Both modern and medieval contractors were organised as companies, their services available to the highest or most powerful bidder for profit. Both filled their ranks with professional men of arms drawn from different countries and loyal primarily to the paycheck. Both have functioned as private armies, usually offering land-based combat skills rather than naval (or aerial) capabilities and deploying force in a military manner rather than as law enforcement or police.
Mercenaries are back. Once brandished as villainous outlaws, they are emerging from the shadows to once again become a mainstream instrument of world politics. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has hired hundreds of Latin-American mercenaries to fight the Iranian-backed Houthis in Yemen. After years of struggling against Boko Haram, Nigeria finally employed mercenaries to do the job, and they did. Russias President Vladimir Putin has sent mercs to liberate eastern Ukraine, a conflict that still simmers. Mercs are reportedly working in parts of Iraq.
The armed contractors in question are not in Iraq or Afghanistan but in northern Italy, and the year is not 2007 but 1377. The superpower is not the United States but the papacy under Pope Gregory XI, fighting the antipapal league led by the duchy of Milan. The tragic killing of civilians by armed contractors did not occur in Baghdad but in Cesena, 630 years earlier. The military companies employed were not DynCorp International, Triple Canopy or Blackwater, but the Company of the Star, the Company of the Hat and the White Company. Known as free companies, these for-profit warriors were organised as corporations, with a well-articulated hierarchy of subcommanders and administrative machinery that oversaw the fair distribution of loot according to employees contracts. CEO-like captains led these medieval military corporations.
The parallels between medieval and contemporary private military companies (PMCs) are strong. Today, the US and many others hire contractors to fulfil security-related contracts in the worlds most dangerous places. In the late Middle Ages, such men were called condottieri literally, contractors who agreed to perform security services described in written contracts, or condotte. Both modern and medieval contractors were organised as companies, their services available to the highest or most powerful bidder for profit. Both filled their ranks with professional men of arms drawn from different countries and loyal primarily to the paycheck. Both have functioned as private armies, usually offering land-based combat skills rather than naval (or aerial) capabilities and deploying force in a military manner rather than as law enforcement or police.
Mercenaries are back. Once brandished as villainous outlaws, they are emerging from the shadows to once again become a mainstream instrument of world politics. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has hired hundreds of Latin-American mercenaries to fight the Iranian-backed Houthis in Yemen. After years of struggling against Boko Haram, Nigeria finally employed mercenaries to do the job, and they did. Russias President Vladimir Putin has sent mercs to liberate eastern Ukraine, a conflict that still simmers. Mercs are reportedly working in parts of Iraq.
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What does the return of mercenary armies mean for the world? (Original Post)
Recursion
Jan 2016
OP
ChairmanAgnostic
(28,017 posts)1. I disagree with the premise that they ever left.
The Legionaires were little more than mercenaries. Our early colonies hired mercenaries from europe to help remove those pesky brits from our land.
Xi corporation is a for profit merc center. (actually, they were and are always for profit).
Recursion
(56,582 posts)3. I think the author agrees; he's calling the 19th and 20th centuries something of an aberration
Before Napoleon nobody had every really thought of simply arming the populace and sending them to war
ChairmanAgnostic
(28,017 posts)5. I think in 400 AD, there was mention of troops for hire
mercenaries used rather than have their own soldiers fight.
mwrguy
(3,245 posts)6. FDR sent mercs to fight in Burma
We've always used them.
ChairmanAgnostic
(28,017 posts)7. how could I forget that? thanks
msongs
(67,421 posts)2. the USA military is a war mercenary - endless wars for endless MIC profits nt
guillaumeb
(42,641 posts)4. War is very profitable, except for the casualties.
And corporate thieves will find profits wherever they are.
Eric Price, the founder of Blackwater, is part of the DeVos family. Think Amway.
bemildred
(90,061 posts)8. Yep. Thanks, very interesting. nt