Science
Related: About this forumPhysicists Prove Surprising Rule of Threes
By: Natalie Wolchover
May 27, 2014
More than 40 years after a Soviet nuclear physicist proposed an outlandish theory that trios of particles can arrange themselves in an infinite nesting-doll configuration, experimentalists have reported strong evidence that this bizarre state of matter is real.
In 1970, Vitaly Efimov was manipulating the equations of quantum mechanics in an attempt to calculate the behavior of sets of three particles, such as the protons and neutrons that populate atomic nuclei, when he discovered a law that pertained not only to nuclear ingredients but also, under the right conditions, to any trio of particles in nature.
While most forces act between pairs, such as the north and south poles of a magnet or a planet and its sun, Efimov identified an effect that requires three components to spring into action. Together, the components form a state of matter similar to Borromean rings, an ancient symbol of three interconnected circles in which no two are directly linked. The so-called Efimov trimer could consist of a trio of protons, a triatomic molecule or any other set of three particles, as long as their properties were tuned to the right values. And in a surprising flourish, this hypothetical state of matter exhibited an unheard-of feature: the ability to range in size from practically infinitesimal to infinite.
Its a pretty wild idea, said Randy Hulet, a physics professor at Rice University in Houston. You get this infinite series of molecules.
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http://www.simonsfoundation.org/quanta/20140527-physicists-prove-surprising-rule-of-threes/
broiles
(1,367 posts)Response to n2doc (Original post)
Warren DeMontague This message was self-deleted by its author.
GeorgeGist
(25,321 posts)DreamGypsy
(2,252 posts)and the real answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything is 22.7.
The nesting-doll feature called discrete scale invariance arose from a symmetry in the equation describing the forces between three particles. If the particles satisfied the equation when spaced a certain distance apart, then the same particles spaced 22.7 times farther apart were also a solution. This number, called a scaling factor, emerged from the mathematics as inexplicably as pi.
10-billionths of a degree above absolute zero - that's pretty cool!
tridim
(45,358 posts)Does this mean that ALL particles are infinite in size?
If that's the case, then echoes of every particle in the Universe are right in front of me at all times.
longship
(40,416 posts)In other words, the Matryoshka Doll theory.
Appropriately from Russia.