Science
Related: About this forumEarth will be virtually helium-free by the end of the 21st century.
A Helium Shortage?
snip.......
Nearly all of the world's helium supply is found within a 250-mile radius of Amarillo, Texas (the Helium Capital of the World). A byproduct of billions of years of decay, helium is distilled from natural gas that has accumulated in the presence of radioactive uranium and thorium deposits. If it's not extracted during the natural gas refining process, helium simply soars off when the gas is burned, unrecoverable.
The federal government first identified helium as a strategic resource in the 1920s; in 1960 Uncle Sam began socking it away in earnest. Thirty-two billion cubic feet of the gas are bunkered underground in Cliffside, a field of porous rock near Amarillo. But now the government is getting out of the helium business, and it's selling the stockpile to all comers.
Industrial buyers use the gas primarily for arc welding (helium creates an inert atmosphere around the flame) and leak detection (hydrogen has a smaller atom, but it usually forms a diatomic molecule, H2). NASA uses it to pressurize space shuttle fuel tanks: The Kennedy Space Center alone uses more than 75 million cubic feet annually. Liquid helium, which has the lowest melting point of any element (-452 degrees Fahrenheit), cools infrared detectors, nuclear reactors, wind tunnels, and the superconductive magnets in MRI equipment. At our current rate of consumption, Cliffside will likely be empty in 10 to 25 years, and the Earth will be virtually helium-free by the end of the 21st century.
"For the scientific community, that's a tragedy," says Dave Cornelius, a Department of Interior chemist at Cliffside. "It would be a shame to squander it," agrees Kulcinski.
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/helium.html
Tx4obama
(36,974 posts)dimbear
(6,271 posts)Strange quirk of resource allocation that the Germans didn't have any helium available. In retrospect our not sharing it was wise.
Shades of the rare earth controversy, no?
Of course if Newt gets elected, there's no problem. There's plenty of helium on the moon.
Chemisse
(30,813 posts)Owlet
(1,248 posts)"helium is distilled from natural gas that has accumulated in the presence of radioactive uranium and thorium deposits. If it's not extracted during the natural gas refining process, helium simply soars off when the gas is burned, unrecoverable."
We're constantly reminded that the US has the largest reserves of natural gas in the world. Would it not then be possible to recover helium during the refining process, as that statement seems to imply?
izquierdista
(11,689 posts)Lots of money for the amount that is there. The extraction process requires liquifying all the other gases (takes energy to do) and saving the helium enriched headspace. When natural gas is liquified for shipping, this can be done, but if gas is just compressed for distribution into a pipeline, you don't have that option. Not to mention what is lost when gas is flared as being not worth the trouble to process (as in Saudi Arabia or Siberia).
Another problem with capitalism. It operates on current demand and current supply. It can't project 200 years into the future and calculate a net present value for all that helium demand in the future.
Owlet
(1,248 posts)GaYellowDawg
(4,447 posts)Another problem with capitalism. It operates on current demand and current supply. It can't project 200 years into the future and calculate a net present value for all that helium demand in the future.
Yes. YES. Capitalism can never be proactive, only reactive. And sometimes, reactive is way too late.
muriel_volestrangler
(101,319 posts)Not all natural gas will have been around radioactive deposits. Now, the article is 12 years old; the new deposits recoverable through fracking may be associated with helium from radioactive decay - I don't know. But the article was saying that before 2000, it was the natural gas around Amarillo that had helium with it. Back then, US natural gas looked like it would run out quickly as well.
kickysnana
(3,908 posts)eShirl
(18,493 posts)ProdigalJunkMail
(12,017 posts)the helium atom radius is smaller than that of hydrogen...
sP
eppur_se_muova
(36,263 posts)as long as you are comparing atoms of like charge.
ProdigalJunkMail
(12,017 posts)but not readily known to people who didn't bother studying the table...or how it is organized...so i thought i would toss that out there. might help someone in a trivia game someday.
sP
OnEdit: the other reason i mentioned it is because the article suggested that hydrogen was a smaller atom (the little part about leak detection as a use for helium) and that misconception could cause someone to miss a question in a trivia game someday (yes, i like trivia games)
Response to ProdigalJunkMail (Reply #10)
caraher This message was self-deleted by its author.
rug
(82,333 posts)qazplm
(3,626 posts)I suspect at some point if we truly "run out" someone(s) will figure out an economical way to liberate it from elsewhere.
xocet
(3,871 posts)According the last excerpt below, none of the Senators and none of the Representatives had their positions on this bill recorded when it was passed.
104th Congress: 1995-1996
To amend the Helium Act to require the Secretary of the Interior to sell Federal real and personal property held in connection with activities carried out under the Helium Act, and for other purposes.
Sponsor: Rep. Christopher Cox [R-CA47]
This bill never became law. This bill was proposed in a previous session of Congress. Sessions of Congress last two years, and at the end of each session all proposed bills and resolutions that haven't passed are cleared from the books. Members often reintroduce bills that did not come up for debate under a new number in the next session.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h104-873
104th Congress: 1995-1996
To amend the Helium Act to authorize the Secretary to enter into agreements with private parties for the recovery and disposal of helium on Federal lands, and for other purposes.
Sponsor: Rep. Christopher Cox [R-CA47]
This bill never became law. This bill was proposed in a previous session of Congress. Sessions of Congress last two years, and at the end of each session all proposed bills and resolutions that haven't passed are cleared from the books. Members often reintroduce bills that did not come up for debate under a new number in the next session.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h104-2906
104th Congress: 1995-1996
To amend the Helium Act to authorize the Secretary to enter into agreements with private parties for the recovery and disposal of helium on Federal lands, and for other purposes.
Sponsor: Rep. Christopher Cox [R-CA47]
This bill never became law. This bill was proposed in a previous session of Congress. Sessions of Congress last two years, and at the end of each session all proposed bills and resolutions that haven't passed are cleared from the books. Members often reintroduce bills that did not come up for debate under a new number in the next session.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h104-3008
104th Congress: 1995-1996
To amend the Helium Act to authorize the Secretary to enter into agreements with private parties for the recovery and disposal of helium on Federal lands, and for other purposes.
Sponsor: Rep. Christopher Cox [R-CA47]
This bill became law. It was signed by William Clinton.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h104-4168
Here is a BLM article on the helium supply:
By Leslie Theiss, Manager, BLM Amarillo (TX) Field Office
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is a major supplier of crude helium to refiners in the United States, who market and sell pure helium throughout the world. Managing the nations "federal helium reserve" was a quiet federal program until 2006 when temporary shortages made news around the world.
As demand for helium is rising, supplies of crude helium are tightening. Our agencys role in helping meet the demand by refiners is expanding even though our crude is sold at a Congressionally mandated price that is higher than most private sources of crude.
...
The amount of helium offered for sale by the BLM to private industry over the past four years was 2.1 billion cubic feet (bcf) each year. The amount of helium purchased ranged from 0.7 bcf in 2004 to 1.6 bcf in 2006. The BLM delivers crude helium to refiners along the Helium Conservation Pipeline; deliveries ranged from 1.3 bcf in 2003 to 2.1 bcf in 2006 (including reserves from previous years).
The bottom line in terms of helium supply is that there is very little excess helium refining capacity, and domestic supplies of crude helium are growing ever tighter. Until overseas plants are fully online and/or additional plants are built, were potentially facing additional supply disruptions, if not shortages.
...
http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/info/newsroom/2007/january/NR0701_2.html