FYI:
Azerbaijan is not a NATO member. It cooperates with NATO through programs like the Partnership for Peace and an Individual Partnership Action Plan, but it has not sought membership.
1. Mutual Defense Treaty with Turkey
Azerbaijan has a defense pact with Turkey through the Shusha Declaration (2021). Under this agreement, both nations pledged mutual military cooperation and assistance in the event of aggression. This makes Azerbaijan the first post-Soviet state to have a formal defense agreement with a NATO member.
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2. Defense Cooperation with the United States
While there is no formal mutual defense treaty with the U.S., Azerbaijan and the U.S. have longstanding defense and security cooperation. Historic joint statements (1997, 2000) laid the groundwork, and since then, Azerbaijan has received support via U.S. programs such as:
Foreign Military Financing (FMF)
International Military Education and Training (IMET)
Capacity building under DoD's Section 333, among others This support emphasizes training, modernization, and coalition mission participation rather than a mutual defense commitment.
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3. Defense Cooperation with Somalia
In February 2025, Azerbaijan signed a defense cooperation agreement with Somalia, marking a notable expansion of its military ties beyond neighboring regions.
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4. Broader Military-Technical Cooperation
Beyond formal agreements, Azerbaijan maintains extensive military-technical ties with multiple countries:
Turkey: deep collaboration across training, co-production of hardware (e.g., drones, missiles), and joint exercises.
Pakistan: strategic partnership includes joint production agreement (early 2000s), pilot training, and more recently the acquisition of JF-17 Block III fighter jets.
Israel: major defense supplier, especially in surveillance and intelligence tech (e.g., TecSAR satellites).
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