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In reply to the discussion: What goes on inside a proton? [View all]

xocet

(4,302 posts)
8. Note that charmed baryons exist...and...that strange baryons also exist.
Tue Feb 24, 2015, 12:47 PM
Feb 2015

Λc is a charmed baryon and Λ is a strange baryon.

The Lambda Baryon

In 1947 during a study of cosmic ray interactions, a product of a proton collision with a nucleus was found to live for much longer time than expected: 10^(-10) seconds instead of the expected 10^(-23) seconds! This particle was named the lambda particle (Λ0) and the property which caused it to live so long was dubbed "strangeness" and that name stuck to be the name of one of the quarks from which the lambda particle is constructed. The lambda is a baryon which is made up of three quarks: an up, a down and a strange quark.

...

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/particles/lambda.html#c1


Here is more:

charmed baryons:

CHARMED BARYONS
Revised March 2012 by C.G. Wohl (LBNL).

There are 17 known charmed baryons, and four other
candidates not well enough established to be promoted to the
Summary Tables.∗

...

The unpromoted states are a Λc(2765)+, a Ξc(2930), a Ξc(3055), and a Ξc(3123). There is also very weak evidence for a baryon with two c quarks, a Ξcc+ at 3519 MeV. See the Particle Listings.

...

http://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/reviews/rpp2014-rev-charmed-baryons.pdf



strange baryons:

First Indirect Evidence of So-Far Undetected Strange Baryons
"Invisible" particles containing at least one strange quark lower the temperature at which other particles "freeze out" from quark-gluon plasma

August 19, 2014

UPTON, NY—New supercomputing calculations provide the first evidence that particles predicted by the theory of quark-gluon interactions but never before observed are being produced in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a facility that is dedicated to studying nuclear physics. These heavy strange baryons, containing at least one strange quark, still cannot be observed directly, but instead make their presence known by lowering the temperature at which other strange baryons "freeze out" from the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) discovered and created at RHIC, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility located at DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory.

RHIC is one of just two places in the world where scientists can create and study a primordial soup of unbound quarks and gluons—akin to what existed in the early universe some 14 billion years ago. The research is helping to unravel how these building blocks of matter became bound into hadrons, particles composed of two or three quarks held together by gluons, the carriers of nature's strongest force.

"Baryons, which are hadrons made of three quarks, make up almost all the matter we see in the universe today," said Brookhaven theoretical physicist Swagato Mukherjee, a co-author on a paper describing the new results in Physical Review Letters. "The theory that tells us how this matter forms—including the protons and neutrons that make up the nuclei of atoms—also predicts the existence of many different baryons, including some that are very heavy and short-lived, containing one or more heavy 'strange' quarks. Now we have indirect evidence from our calculations and comparisons with experimental data at RHIC that these predicted higher mass states of strange baryons do exist," he said.

Added Berndt Mueller, Associate Laboratory Director for Nuclear and Particle Physics at Brookhaven, "This finding is particularly remarkable because strange quarks were one of the early signatures of the formation of the primordial quark-gluon plasma. Now we're using this QGP signature as a tool to discover previously unknown baryons that emerge from the QGP and could not be produced otherwise."

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http://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=11659

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