Personal friend of Mao Tse-Tung...oh, and founder of the Marine Raiders in WWII.
Carlson is the reason the Marines adopted the term "gung ho," or "working together" in Chinese.
He met Edgar Snow in China and read Snow's "Red Star Over China." This encounter led him to visit the Chinese communist troop headquarters in northern China, where he met Chinese Communist leaders such as Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping. Traveling thousands of miles through the interior of China with the communist guerrillas, often on foot and horseback over the most hazardous terrain, he lived under the same primitive conditions. He was impressed by the tactics used by Chinese Communist guerrillas to fight Japanese troops...
In the military there is a sharp caste-system divide between officers and enlisted personnel...Carlson saw the Communist approach as superior. Leaders were expected to serve the unit and the fighters they led, not to be served. Responsibility, not privilege, would be the keyword for battalion leadership...
Even more controversial in concept, Carlson gave his men "ethical indoctrination," designed to "give (his men) conviction through persuasion," describing for each man what he was fighting for and why.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans_CarlsonThe Wiki leaves out a lot. After returning from China in 1938, Carlson ran afoul of the all-powerful "China Lobby," which included lots of Xian missionaries. He resigned his commission in the Marine Corps so he could speak freely about Japanese aggression in China...and also about the missionaries' favorite leader, Chiang Kai-Shek, who Carlson saw as just another plundering warlord.
In 1947, Carlson warned that we were "backing the wrong horse" in China, and that Chiang would lose the civil war because his Kuomintang Army did not have "a base in the people."