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Necrotizing enterocolitis
Last reviewed: May 15, 2009.
Necrotizing enterocolitis is the death of intestinal tissue. It primarily affects premature infants or sick newborns.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Necrotizing enterocolitis occurs when the lining of the intestinal wall dies and the tissue falls off. The cause for this disorder is unknown. However, it is thought that a decrease in blood flow to the bowel keeps the bowel from producing mucus that protects the gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria in the intestine may also be a cause.
This disorder usually develops in an infant that is already ill or premature, and most often develops while the infant is still in the hospital.
Those with a higher risk for this condition include:
Premature infants
Infants who are fed concentrated formulas
Infants in a nursery where an outbreak has occurred
Infants who have received blood exchange transfusions
Symptoms
Symptoms may come on slowly or suddenly, and may include:
Abdominal distention
Blood in the stool
Diarrhea
Feeding intolerance
Lethargy
Temperature instability
Vomiting
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002133/