•"Water-boarding." This, as we now know, does not involve water skis, but holding prisoners under water for long enough that they think they are drowning. Again, interrogators favor it because after the prisoner has coughed the water out of his lungs, it leaves no identifiable marks. Reports by human rights groups on countries including Brazil, Ethiopia and El Salvador have noted the prevalence of "simulated drowning" or "near drowning."
•"Stress positions." What is a stress position? Mike Xego, a former political prisoner in South Africa, once demonstrated one for me. He bent down and clasped his hands in front of him as if they were handcuffed, and then, using a rolled-up newspaper, showed me how apartheid-era police officers would pin his elbows behind his knees with a stick, forcing him into a permanent crouch. "You'd be passed from one hand to another. Kicked. Tipped over," he explained. "The blood stops moving. You scream and scream and scream until there is no voice."
This begs an obvious question: when the Abu Ghraib detainees were in "stress positions," were they then kicked, tipped over, rolled around like soccer balls? We do not yet know, but chances are that if the guards were told to create "favorable conditions" for interrogation, the prisoners were not lectured politely about the benefits of human rights and the rule of law that the United States is supposedly bringing to Iraq.
Granted, the torture of prisoners under Saddam Hussein was incomparably more widespread and often ended in death. The same is true in dozens of other regimes around the world. But torture is torture. It permanently scars the victim even when there are no visible marks on the body, and it leaves other scars on the lives of those who perform it and on the life of the nation that allowed and encouraged it. Those scars will be with us for a long time.
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http://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/23/opinion/23HOCH.html?ex=1085889600&en=6cae4c1146208561&ei=5062&partner=GOOGLEUS Justice Department Recommended Torture
Lawyers from the US Department of Justice reportedly recommended to President George Bush that the US did not have to obey international law during its war against terrorism; nor did it have to follow the laws concerning due process of captives.
Justice Department lawyers John Yoo and Robert J. Delahunty wrote a memo on January 9, 2002, that allegedly says that it is not necessary to fulfill Geneva Convention when dealing with the Taliban and Al Qaeda militants that were transported to Guantanamo. The Geneva Convention outlines the rules of conduct that must be followed when dealing with prisoners of war.
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http://www.zaman.com/?bl=international&alt=&trh=20040523&hn=8847