Experts ponder Bush's rationale
Some wonder why law wasn't changed instead of circumvented by administration
- Matthew B. Stannard, Chronicle Staff Writer
Tuesday, December 20, 2005
During the four years since the Sept. 11 attacks, the Bush administration has responded to questions over its more controversial national security policies, relating to interrogation methods, incarceration policies and investigative techniques, with the argument that they were crucial in the fight against terror.
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"What becomes harder to understand is four years after 9/11 the administration has not sought modification of the law, but has rather asserted unchecked authority," he said.
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"This will be a watershed because Congress cares a lot about the separation of powers and civil liberties, and the two wires cross here," said Daniel Benjamin, who served on the National Security Council staff from 1994 to 1999 and is co-author of "The Next Attack: The Failure of the War on Terror and a Strategy for Getting It Right."
"This is not something that the civil libertarians in the Republican party can overlook," he said. "this is going to be a big deal."
The Federal Intelligence Surveillance Court
The Federal Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC) was created by an act of Congress in 1978. It is responsible for reviewing requests by federal police agencies (mainly the FBI) for surveillance warrants against suspected foreign intelligence agents in the United States. The FISC rarely denies such requests.
About the FISC
The court is comprised of 11 district court judges (from different circuits), appointed by the chief justice of the United States. At least three of the judges must reside within 20 miles of Washington, D.C.
The judges' terms are staggered and last for a maximum of seven years.
The court's hearings are conducted in private, and its case records and files are kept sealed from the public.
Procedure to authorize electronic surveillance
1 An agency such as the FBI or CIA obtains information on a possible terrorist suspect. It makes an application to the Department of Justice.
2 The Department of Justice decides whether there is probable cause to believe that the suspect is a terrorist.
3 Before the application can be forwarded to the FISC, it must be personally approved by the Attorney General.
Sources: Cornell Law School; Federation of American Scientists; Electronic Frontier Foundation
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/12/20/MNG87GAQBE1.DTL&feed=rss.news