Most people who apply for SSI are automatically rejected the first time, and then they have to get a lawyer. This is just a given. SSI should apply to your brother because it is all about people who are disabled but "haven't worked". Many (especially young) people who have little or no job history are on SSI. SSD is another arm of Social Security, but it only applies to people with a work history that paid into the system. You get more money on SSD usually.
Here is what you do: get an SSI/SSD lawyer. It will take up to 2 years for the case to get through court. But the clock started ticking from the first day your brother applied for SSI, which means he will get a settlement based on what he should haver gotten monthly for all those years. The lawyer will work pro-bono and will take around 25% or up to a certain amount (usually around $10,000.00) and the rest will go to your brother. Because he is over 50, your brother will get the help he needs as most courts will view him unable to find any sort of training that would be worth the time and costs for the government to provide.
Another thing he can do is apply for GAU (General Assistance) from DSHS. He goes to apply for that where he would apply for food stamps. He will have to pay the GAU cash amount he receives back with his settlement, but it can give him medical, food stamps and a small stipend (depending on which state you live in, around $330.00 cashper month). After the lawyer takes their cut, and he pays back GAU, he will still realize about half of the lump sum, which is around $8.000.00 per years from the time he applied. GAU wiil try to bug him to get work, but after they find out he has applied for SSI, they will leave him alone, because they will know they will be getting their take back eventually.
MAKE SURE HE DOES NOT SAY ANYTHING ABOUT HIS FAMILY SUPPORT WHEN HE APPLIES FOR GAU!!!!. They do not need to know anything about that, but if they ask, he can simply and truthfully say he has been loaned money ON OCCASION for paying the bills for his emergencies ~ and that they are LOANS. You can produce for him a loan contract that is perfectly legal that states what he "owes" you. What you and he agree as to when or if it is paid back is between you two. After he is on GAU, the family can legally help him by directly paying for things for him, say if he needs help with the utility bill, you just pay it directly.
Also he should hook up with a VA social worker. They will help him with the necessary paperwork to get him started and advocate for him as well to other social workers, etc. This is an important piece of the process and they can get people like his doctor to help, like by writing letters to the appropriate agencies explaining what your brother needs. They are wonderful, and have a lot of resources. It should be kept a "secret" he has any family supporting him, I cannot say this enough because the government only helps people who have no one (which is most of the time true, but all family support really means for most people who are on assistance is you don't die as quickly or as easily left to the street).
Take it from me I am a Welfare Advocate and know the ropes. You can also call Welfare Rights Organizing Coalition (WROC) (
http://www.wroc.org ) They have a toll free number listed on their web site. We know more about the Washington State system than anywhere else, but we might be able to direct your brother to a more local advocacy agency in your community. After you are finished with getting your brother up and running so to speak, consider giving WROC a generous donation in your brother's name. It is a 501 C3 and tax deductible.
Tell WROC Cat sent you. PM me if you need more assistance. And do not give up, this is not an easy process. You get rejected all the way through the process including the GAU system. It just takes persistence and some creative thinking. Most of all the best way you can help your brother is this: let the whole family keep in mind, your brother IS ENTITLED to get the assistance he so deserves for serving our country in Viet Nam. He DESERVES it, and never let that leave your (or his) mind!
Cat in Seattle