http://www.epinet.org/content.cfm/webfeatures_viewpoints_raising_minimum_wage_2004VIEWPOINTS (Economic Policy Institute)
Opinion pieces and speeches by EPI staff and associates.THIS TESTIMONY WAS GIVEN BEFORE THE U.S. HOUSE SUBCOMMITTEE ON WORKFORCE EMPOWERMENT AND GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS ON APRIL 29, 2004.Minimum Wage and Its Effects on Small BusinessBy Jared Bernstein
I sincerely thank the members of the committee for the opportunity to testify on this issue of great importance to working families.
As members of this panel are well aware, the federal minimum wage was introduced in the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. At that time, and many times since, Congress has recognized the need for a policy that prevents market forces from driving the wage of our lowest paid workers below a level deemed to be minimal by Congress, and by our general sense of fairness and decency. Since it is not indexed to inflation, the buying power of the minimum wage declines unless our nation’s leaders enact an increase. Thankfully, numerous proposals to raise the minimum are currently under consideration and I speak to these specific proposals below.
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ConclusionSince the late 1930s, the Federal government has recognized the need for a national wage floor: a minimum wage level below which Congress will not allow wage offers to fall. Unless Congress acts, however, the value of this wage floor will fall behind both inflation and the general upward trend in living standards. In fact, as shown in Figure 1, we are in the midst of the second longest stretch in which Congress and the administration have failed to enact an increase in the minimum wage.
Two proposals are under debate, and I show above that both would cover fewer workers than the last increase enacted in 1996. In this regard, it is notable that following that last increase, low-wage workers faced an all-too-unique period of fast growing employment and earnings opportunities. Evidence presented above, along with much empirical labor economic analysis of this issue, reveal that such moderate increases as those that may soon be under consideration in the Senate have no measurable negative impacts on jobs. In addition, the gains from the increase will largely accrue to those in the bottom third of the income scale. With these empirical facts on the record, Congress should act quickly to raise the wage floor in support of our lowest paid workers.
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Jared Bernstein is senior economist at the Economic Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.http://www.epinet.org/content.cfm/webfeatures_viewpoints_raising_minimum_wage_2004