During the 1970's the United States underwent some profound changes.
FACTS about this decade.
Population: 204,879,000
Unemployed in 1970: 4,088,000
National Debt: $382 billion
Average salary: $7,564
Food prices: milk, 33 cents a qt.; bread, 24 cents a loaf; round steak, $1.30 a pound
Life Expectancy: Male, 67.1; Female, 74.8
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AMERICAN CULTURAL HISTORY
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1970 – 1979 World History1970 -
U.S. troops invade Cambodia (May 1).
Four students at Kent State University in Ohio slain by National
Guardsmen at demonstration protesting incursion into Cambodia (May 4).
Senate repeals Gulf of Tonkin resolution (June 24).
1971 -
24 April 1971 - Huge anti-war march in Washington, D.C.
Supreme Court rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation (April 20).
Anti-war militants attempt to disrupt government business in Washington (May 3)
—police and military units arrest as many as 12,000; most are later released.
Pentagon Papers published (June).
Twenty-sixth Amendment to U.S. Constitution lowers voting age to 18.
UN seats Communist China and expels Nationalist China (Oct. 25).
1972 -
Britain takes over direct rule of Northern Ireland in bid for peace (March 24).
Gov. George C. Wallace of Alabama is shot by Arthur H. Bremer at Laurel, Md., political rally (May 15).
Five men are apprehended by police in attempt to bug Democratic National Committee headquarters
in Washington, D.C.'s Watergate complex—start of the Watergate scandal (June 17).
Supreme Court rules that death penalty is unconstitutional (June 29). Eleven Israeli athletes
at Olympic Games in Munich are killed after eight members of an Arab terrorist group invade
Olympic Village; five guerrillas and one policeman are also killed (Sept. 5).
“Christmas bombing” of North Vietnam (Dec. 25).
1973 -
Supreme Court rules on Roe v. Wade (Jan. 22).
1973 - Arab oil embargo causes severe shortage and energy prices skyrocket
Vietnam War ends with signing of peace pacts (Jan. 27).
Nixon, on national TV, accepts responsibility, but not blame, for Watergate; accepts resignations
of advisers H. R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman, fires John W. Dean III as counsel (April 30).
U.S. bombing of Cambodia ends, marking official halt to 12 years of combat activity in Southeast Asia (Aug. 15).
Fourth and biggest Arab-Israeli conflict begins as Egyptian and Syrian forces attack Israel
as Jews mark Yom Kippur, holiest day in their calendar (Oct. 6).
Spiro T. Agnew resigns as vice president and then, in federal court in Baltimore, pleads no contest
to charges of evasion of income taxes on $29,500 he received in 1967, while governor of Maryland.
He is fined $10,000 and put on three years' probation (Oct. 10).
In the “Saturday Night Massacre,” Nixon fires special Watergate prosecutor Archibald Cox and Deputy
Attorney General William D. Ruckelshaus; Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson resigns (Oct. 20).
Egypt and Israel sign U.S.-sponsored cease-fire accord (Nov. 11)
1974 -
Patricia Hearst, 19-year-old daughter of publisher Randolph Hearst, kidnapped by Symbionese
Liberation Army (Feb. 5).
House Judiciary Committee adopts three articles of impeachment charging President Nixon with
obstruction of justice, failure to uphold laws, and refusal to produce material subpoenaed
by the committee (July 30).
Richard M. Nixon announces he will resign the next day, the first president to do so (Aug. 8).
Vice President Gerald R. Ford of Michigan is sworn in as 38th president of the U.S. (Aug. 9).
Ford grants “full, free, and absolute pardon” to ex-president Nixon (Sept. 8).
1975 -
John N. Mitchell, H. R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman found guilty of Watergate cover-up (Jan. 1);
sentenced to 30 months to 8 years in jail (Feb. 21).
Pol Pot and Khmer Rouge take over Cambodia (April).
American merchant ship Mayaguez, seized by Cambodian forces, is rescued in operation by U.S. Navy
and Marines, 38 of whom are killed (May 15).
President Ford escapes assassination attempt in Sacramento, Calif. (Sept. 5).
President Ford escapes second assassination attempt in 17 days (Sept. 22).
1976 -
Supreme Court rules that blacks and other minorities are entitled to retroactive job seniority (March 24).
Ford signs Federal Election Campaign Act (May 11).
Supreme Court rules that death penalty is not inherently cruel or unusual
and is a constitutionally acceptable form of punishment (July 3).
Nation celebrates bicentennial (July 4).
Israeli airborne commandos attack Uganda's Entebbe Airport and free 103 hostages held
by pro-Palestinian hijackers of Air France plane; one Israeli and several Ugandan
soldiers killed in raid (July 4).
Mysterious disease that eventually claims 29 lives strikes American Legion convention in Philadelphia (Aug. 4).
Jimmy Carter elected U.S. president (Nov. 2).
1977 -
First woman Episcopal priest ordained (Jan. 1).
Scientists identify previously unknown bacterium as cause of mysterious “legionnaire's disease” (Jan. 18).
Carter pardons Vietnam draft evaders (Jan. 21).
Scientists report using bacteria in lab to make insulin (May 23).
Supreme Court rules that states are not required to spend Medicaid funds on elective abortions (June 20).
Deng Xiaoping, purged Chinese leader, restored to power as “Gang of Four” is expelled from Communist Party (July 22).
South African activist Stephen Biko dies in police custody (Sept. 12).
Nuclear-proliferation pact, curbing spread of nuclear weapons, signed by 15 countries, including
U.S. and USSR (Sept. 21).
1978 -
Residents of Love Canal, NY, evacuated due to dangerous toxic chemicals buried in the area.
Californians in referendum approve Proposition 13 for nearly 60% slash in property tax revenues (June 6).
Supreme Court, in Bakke case, bars quota systems in college admissions but affirms
constitutionality of programs giving advantage to minorities (June 28).
Pope Paul VI, dead at 80, mourned (Aug. 6);
new Pope, John Paul I, 65, dies unexpectedly after 34 days in office (Sept. 28);
succeeded by Karol Cardinal Wojtyla of Poland as John Paul II (Oct. 16).
“Framework for Peace” in Middle East signed by Egypt's president Anwar Sadat and Israeli
premier Menachem Begin after 13-day conference at Camp David led by President Carter (Sept. 17).
Jim Jones's followers commit mass suicide in Jonestown, Guyana (Nov. 18).
1979 -
Oil spills pollute ocean waters in Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico (Jan. 1, June 8, July 21).
Ohio agrees to pay $675,000 to families of dead and injured in Kent State University shootings (Jan. 4).
Vietnam and Vietnam-backed Cambodian insurgents announce fall of Phnom Penh, Cambodian capital,
and collapse of Pol Pot regime (Jan. 7).
Shah leaves Iran after year of turmoil (Jan. 16);
revolutionary forces under Muslim leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, take over (Feb. 1 et seq.).
Nuclear power plant accident at Three Mile Island, Pa., releases radiation (March 28).
Conservatives win British election; Margaret Thatcher new prime minister (May 3).
Carter and Brezhnev sign SALT II agreement (June 14).
Nicaraguan president Gen. Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami (July 17);
Sandinistas form government (July 19).
Iranian militants seize U.S. embassy in Tehran and hold hostages (Nov. 4).
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan stirs world protests (Dec. 27).