http://www.harpers.org/archive/2011/08/hbc-90008193By Scott Horton
Although President Obama campaigned on calls to respect and protect whistleblowers, no sooner did he take office than the Justice Department adopted a diametrically opposite posture. Under Eric Holder, the department fully embraced a tactic his predecessors had tinkered with under George Bush: using the Espionage Act of 1917 to prosecute civil servants accused of leaking materials that it felt compromised national security. The approach had two advantages from the prosecutors’ perspective. First, it dramatically increased the heat on the whistleblowers, effectively casting them as spies who had betrayed their nation and potentially subjecting them to newly strenuous sanctions. Second, it theoretically bolstered the department’s ability to compel journalists to reveal information about, and testify against, their sources.
Bush-era prosecutors had tried the same approach, but things didn’t go well for them. Although their first such case landed before a conservative Republican judge, T.S. Ellis III, who was usually receptive to prosecutors’ concerns about national security matters, it fell apart largely due to limitations imposed by the court. Their next efforts followed from the all-out Justice Department campaign to identify and punish the persons who exposed to New York Times reporter Jim Risen details about a massive Bush-ordained surveillance program that involved snooping on the phone and Internet communications of tens of millions of Americans without a court warrant — a felony under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. This campaign does not appear to have turned up Risen’s sources, but it did net Jeffrey Sterling, a former CIA agent who disclosed a botched operation targeting Iran, and Thomas Drake, a former senior NSA official who blew the whistle on a $1-billion contract scam relating to another surveillance boondoggle.