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Edited on Mon Jun-13-11 03:39 PM by Lydia Leftcoast
and whom it is for.
In the old days, it was pretty straightforward: college was for people who wanted to learn specific skills or gain a general cultural background that would prepare them for entry into or maintaining their membership in the middle class. With the exception of a few programs that prepared you for specific jobs, you could major in anything you wanted and be assured that companies would train you on the job. The emphasis was on the liberal arts.
By the time I got out of teaching, college had become a vocational school, particularly for business majors, because companies no longer wanted to spend money training employees and would therefore hire only business majors. But if everyone majors in business, how do companies decide whom to hire? I had former students who had majored in business, finance, accounting, and marketing who ended up working at Home Depot, and not in management positions. I think part of the problem was that they were people who didn't really belong in college but went anyway because that's what middle class students are supposed to do between ages 18 and 22.
If I were remaking the American educational system from the bottom up, I would start with a low-key preschool/kindergarten that emphasized cognitive and social development rather than drilling in reading and math. There are games that teach pattern recognition, sequencing, and eye-to-hand coordination, for example. Art and music and dance and playacting help develop the imagination. Field trips would help the kids learn how the world works. There would be story reading and storytelling every day. Lots of chances to run around and play freely.
If the previous program was successful, the children would arrive in elementary school eagerly anticipating learning to read. As much as possible, in first grade and the other grades, they would read real books with real stories. (For some reason my mother kept her fourth grade reading textbook from 1930, and it contains only slightly simplified versions of fairy tales and short stories.) Math instruction would follow curricula that have been successful in other countries. Science would be hands-on. Social studies would start with the local community and gradually extend to the state, the U.S., the hemisphere, and the world. Beginning in fifth grade, children would have a choice of chorus or instrumental ensemble and would begin a slow-paced introduction to a foreign language. PE would offer a choice between team and individual sports. Curricular goals would be spelled out in general terms (e.g. "In fourth grade, the children shall learn the history and geography of their state") and the teacher would have the freedom to devise the best content and methods for a particular class to achieve this goal. No class would have more than 15 students. Standardized tests would be for internal assessment purposes only. ("How do we stack up against other schools in the district, state, and nation?") Instead of a three-month summer vacation, there would be four three-week vacations scattered throughout the year to minimize the loss of learning that takes place in young children in the early years. (Yes, schools would have to be air-conditioned in most parts of the country.) Elementary school would last through seventh grade.
Grades eight, nine, and ten would be a separate school. These schools would be departmentalized, with different teachers for each subject, and class sizes would increase slightly to 20. Again, the goals would be stated in general terms. By the end of tenth grade, the students would have: 1) A high school reading level, 2) The ability to write an essay with minimal mistakes in spelling and grammar, 3) Math through Algebra II, 4) Five years of a foreign language, 5) Basic introductions to biological and physical science, 6) A basic understanding of world and U.S. history, geography, and government, 7) Courses in real world living, including basic housekeeping, cooking, childcare, budgeting, and home repair, 8) Physical fitness sufficient for swimming 100 yards or running a quarter mile.
In tenth grade, students would decide whether they wanted to go into 1) a math-science school, 2) a humanities-social science school, 3) a business-oriented school, or 4) a vocationally oriented school run by consortia of local businesses or labor unions. Because of the fairly intensive instruction in grades eight through ten, students would have a good idea of whether they were interested in further academic work and if so, what area they were interested in. The one common factor among the schools would be courses in which the students read about current issues from a variety of viewpoints and had to write essays on them.
(Of course, the above plan would have to be modified for students who had physical or mental disabilities or who came into the system as non-English speakers.)
The community colleges would offer two-year "do-overs" for students who decided that they had made the wrong choice, or even for mid-career adults who were ready for a change. They would also offer continuing education for the business and vocational tracks.
College would be reserved for those who really needed college-level training. Only the students who had performed well in their math-science or humanities-social science courses could get in. No dumb rich kids would be allowed to pay their way in.
There would be community small-group discussion courses, sort of like Great Books groups, offered for non-humanities types who wanted to learn more about history, literature, philosophy, and the arts and for non-science types who wanted to learn more about math and science.
None of this is likely to happen, but I think it's what we need as I look at American culture and the lack of critical thinking and general knowledge that prevails in the population.
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