http://www.texasobserver.org/showArticle.asp?ArticleID=1830excerpt:
The 1,250-member tribe living on the easternmost edge of El Paso wasn’t the victim of the largest fraud Abramoff and Scanlon are alleged to have perpetrated. The Tiguas lost only $4.2 million ($4.5 million if political contributions the lobbyists demanded they make are included.) The Coushatta Tribe in Louisiana lost $33.5 million. (See “K Street Croupiers,” November 19, 2004). But the Coushattas still have their casino, which brings in $300 million a year. The Tiguas have no casino. Median income in the tribe is $8,000 a year.
There’s a qualitative difference in what Abramoff and Scanlon did to the Tiguas, and it involves conflicts of interest, and, according to the Senate Indian Affairs Committee, fraud. The other tribes hired the two lobbyists to defend or expand existing gambling operations. Abramoff and Scanlon offered their services to members of Tigua tribe after John Cornyn shut down their Speaking Rock Casino. Yet before making their sales pitch to the Tiguas, both men had spent a year secretly directing the campaign that pressured John Cornyn to close the Tigua casino.
“It was the most cynical deal I’ve ever seen in this business,” said an Austin political consultant who had represented Indian interests in Texas.
“While they were on the payroll of other tribes, they worked to destroy the only real economic development program that tribe ever had. Then they went out there and told them they could pass a secret provision in the House and Senate and open the casino up. There was never any way they could do what they promised. Both senators from Texas were opposed to gambling. Phil Gramm was opposed to gambling. Kay Bailey Hutchison was opposed to gambling. How were they going to get an Indian casino bill past them?”
As Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn wasn’t the first public official in Texas to oppose Indian gaming. Ann Richards declared it illegal when she was the state’s governor. As did Dan Morales, when he was attorney general. But Cornyn relentlessly pursued the tribe, which had become a big contributor to Democrats after the casino opened in 1993. Shortly after taking office in 1999, he filed suit in federal court, seeking to shut the tribe’s casino down. The Tiguas fought back. They claimed that once the state created a lottery, the federal Restoration Act of 1987 no longer prohibited them from gambling. Gambling had been illegal in Texas at the time they were certified as a tribe under the terms of that act. Once the state got into the gambling business, they argued, reservation gaming was legal, as it is in other states where gambling is not prohibited. It was a novel legal defense, but it failed. Yet they were determined to fight on. The tribe began a public relations campaign, focusing on the $60 million a year generated by a casino that had lifted the tribe out of the mud-hut poverty in which it had lived for generations.
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